Role of Virtual Reality (VR) in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)



Status:Recruiting
Conditions:Anxiety, Anxiety, Cancer, Cancer, Depression, Anemia
Therapuetic Areas:Hematology, Oncology, Psychiatry / Psychology
Healthy:No
Age Range:8 - Any
Updated:10/11/2018
Start Date:February 5, 2018
End Date:July 1, 2019
Contact:Nirmish Shah, MD
Email:nirmish.shah@duke.edu
Phone:919-620-5300

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Role of Virtual Reality (VR) in Decreasing Pain and Anxiety in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)

Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and cancer often have complicated courses while
hospitalized and often deal with pain, anxiety and depression. Advances in the field of
technology provide potential avenues for innovative and improved care models for our
patients. Virtual reality (VR) has been recently utilized to improve anxiety and pain in a
variety of patient populations including children undergoing elective surgery and children
experiencing intravenous cannulation in the Emergency Department. Patients with SCD and
cancer, both adults and children, are a group of patients that can benefit from VR as part of
their care. Over the past four years, our team has successfully implemented several
self-developed mobile applications ("apps") for our patients, in addition to integrating
objective data (heart rate, activity, stress) from wearable activity trackers. The
investigators now propose implementing a feasibility study followed by a pilot study and
randomized-controlled trial of the use of VR in patients with SCD and cancer. The
investigators plan to assess pain and anxiety prior to the session as well as following the
session in hospitalized patients and outpatients with SCD and cancer. The sessions will
include a ten-minute relaxation response introductory narrative segment (deep breathing and
mindfulness) followed by a ten-minute narrated and immersive VR. Heart rate will be tracked
using an Apple iWatch for 30 minutes prior to the session, during the session, and following
the session. We anticipate VR will not only be a feasible method to provide non-pharmacologic
treatment, but will also significantly reduce pain and anxiety.

The investigators will perform a feasibility and pilot study evaluating relaxation response
(narration leading through deep-breathing, mindfulness, and other relaxation techniques)
followed by VR in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and caner. The VR headset (NeuTab
VR Virtual Reality Headset, Dynamic Virtual Viewer, or similar device) used will be
compatible with an iPhone purchased by the PI. The VR session will be narrated by Jon
Seskevich, RN. Patients will be provided with a second iPhone to play the recording while the
other iPhone is used to display the VR session.

The patients will first be provided a consent form and consented. They will have the
opportunity to ask questions prior to and following consent. They will subsequently give a
pain score and fill out a GAD-7 (Generalized Anxiety Disorder) and PHQ-9 (Patient Health
Questionnaire) form. They will be taught how to use the VR headset. Patients will listen to a
recording by Jon Seskevich, RN of a ten-minute relaxation response. An iPhone will then be
placed in the VR headset, the recording started, and the headset placed on the patient. The
VR scene is available through Provata VR app and has been previously chosen prior to the
start of the study. Following this, patients will again give a pain score as well as complete
another GAD-7, PHQ-9, Presence Questionnaire, and Patient's Global Impression of Change
(PGIC) form. Patients will be asked to fill out pain score and general health questions via
the TRU-Pain app. Patients will then be able to ask questions/provide further feedback.

Inclusion Criteria:

- These patients must have a diagnosis of chronic or acute pain (current pain or
baseline pain score >0) AND

- These patients must have anxiety and depressive symptoms as measured by the GAD-7 or
PHQ-9 questionnaires

Exclusion Criteria:

- Patients <8 years old
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