Quinolone Resistance in Bloodstream Isolates of Escherichia Coli

The following information will be collected: age, sex, occupation, hospital location at the
time of positive culture (ER, medical ward, ICU etc), date of positive culture, prior
hospitalization, receipt of outpatient dialysis, home care or other regular medical care (eg,
outpatient chemotherapy), presence of invasive devices, receipt of antibiotics, including
their type and whether they were adequate for the resistance profile of the organism, prior
positive microbiologic cultures, time and location of positive cultures, underlying diseases
and severity of illness, presence of urinary or intravascular devices, recent
immunomodulative therapies or radiation therapy, physical exam findings, laboratory and
radiographical data, antimicrobial usage within 30 days of onset of the infection,
microbiological data and resistance patterns, choice of antibiotics once organism identified,
bacteriological outcomes, laboratory results, demographic information, medications, clinical
outcome,gender, height, weight, ethnicity, and past medical history. We will collect
information retrospectively.

Inclusion Criteria:

Clinical information is collected by chart review of "case" and "control" patients.

A "case A" patient is defined as follows:

- One or more blood cultures are positive for E. coli. The organism is ciprofloxacin
resistant.

A "case B" patient is defined as follows:

- One or more blood cultures are positive for E. coli. The organism is ciprofloxacin
susceptible. Additionally, 4 controls who are in hospital at the same time as cases
will be selected for each case.

Exclusion Criteria:

- If they do not meet inclusion criteria