Genetics of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

A case-control study approach will be used to compare the allelic frequencies of
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) markers of the cases (i.e., LADA patients) to a randomly
selected control samples that does not have the trait under study. To study the role of
genetic factors in LADA, the study seeks to determine if certain genomic regions that are
captured or mirrored by selective Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are genotyped,
are over or underrepresented in those with the disease compared to those who do not. The
level of auto-antibodies is the serum can also be studied as a quantitative trait where we
ask the question if there is correlation with specific SNP alleles that are genotyped. The
markers that are found to be over or under-represented in the study cases will then be
tested in an independent set of patients also recruited in this study. This allows us to
filter markers that show significance simply by chance and prevents us from being misled.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Diagnosed type 2 Diabetes (T2D) patient with: BMI <30 at diagnosis; Age >25-<50 at
diagnosis

OR

- Diagnosed type 1 Diabetes (T1D) patient with: Age >25 at diagnosis

OR

- Currently Diagnosed with LADA with age at initial diagnosis of Diabetes >25 years and a
positive GAD65 antibody test

Exclusion Criteria:

- Any underlying disease or condition that is a contraindication for obtaining 18.0 ml
of blood.

- Inability to obtain an informed consent from a given LADA case.

- Blood sampling has already occurred for a given subject.

- Previous GAD65 antibody test(s) negative.