Prevention of Photoparoxysmal Abnormalities by Mozart K448

Non-pharmacologic, non-surgical treatments for seizures and epilepsy are of increasing
importance, given the potential side effects as well as lack of complete seizure control
with such treatments. Based on previous studies demonstrating an anti-convulsant and
anti-epileptiform effect achieved in subjects by music exposure, it is proposed that
specific musical stimuli may causally result in widely distributed cortical activation in
such a fashion as to effectively prevent or terminate epileptiform abnormalities in subjects
with photosensitive epilepsy. We will investigate the effect of specific musical stimulation
(Mozart K448) to reduce or prevent photoparoxysmal abnormalities in subjects.

Primary outcome will be evaluated in 3 groups, assessing alteration/cessation of
photic-induced abnormalities during:

1. Treatment: music exposure to Mozart K448, vs.

2. Placebo: music exposure to Beethoven's Für Elise for piano, vs.

3. Control: no music exposure.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Age 5-17 years, inclusive

- Female or male with photoparoxysmal epilepsy clinical history, and at least one
seizure, as defined by the International League Against Epilepsy (International
Classification of Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes; Commission on Classification
and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy 1989)

- Abnormal EEG consistent with features of photoparoxysmal epilepsy: occipital based
epileptiform abnormalities with otherwise normal background interictal EEG;

- On < or equal to 2 anti-seizure medications [range 0-2 AEDs]

Exclusion Criteria:

- History of a generalized convulsion provoked by photic stimulation;

- Inability to complete and/or comply with study protocol