Audio-Visual Relaxation Technology for Pediatric Amplified Musculoskeletal Pain Syndrome

Adolescents with amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome (AMPS) are invited to take part in
this research project that studies two different audio-visual relaxation technologies in
reducing amplified musculoskeletal pain. In addition, the investigators are interested in
studying if they have an effect on some of the ways adolescents think about their pain and
cope with it. Both of these technologies provide the user with a similar natural environment
designed to have a calming effect, along with guided relaxation and soothing music. The
adolescents will be assigned to use one of these for a total duration of about 10 minutes.
Pain related outcomes including pain intensity, pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy to
manage pain will be collected before and after the relaxation session.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. A diagnosis of AMPS, including CRPS, or localized or diffuse amplified pain syndrome
as determined by the primary pediatric rheumatologist and coded in EMR.

2. Informed consent for caregivers and child assent for participants.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. An underlying organic cause can explain the pain including inflammatory, infectious,
traumatic or malignant etiologies as determined by the primary pediatric
rheumatologist.

2. Participant or caregiver report of any history of motion sickness, underlying
epilepsy, severe headaches in the participant or other conditions where the use of
visual exposures to stimuli is contraindicated.

3. Inability to report a pain score and/or incapacity to give assent due to intellectual
deficit.

4. Blindness.

5. Non-English-speaking subjects will be excluded due to the unavailability of the
content of the VR application used in this study in languages other than English.

6. Any other condition that the investigators think can compromise the integrity of the
study or subject safety.