Sensory Stimulation During Simulated Driving

This study will examine the effect of scented odors on the attention and behavioral
performance of healthy young adult and older adult drivers. Past research indicates that
specific scented odors (i.e., peppermint and cinnamon) enhance motivation, performance and
alertness, decrease fatigue and stimulate the central nervous system in a variety of
contexts. The current study will examine the effect of three different odors on simulated
driving as participants perform navigation and braking scenarios. This study will be the
first of its kind to elucidate the association between specific scents and performance gains
in simulated driving. The data will serve as proof-of-concept for eventual patient focused
interventions relative to sensory stimulation and driving.

Inclusion Criteria:

- valid drivers license

- normal or corrected to normal vision

Exclusion Criteria:

- no drivers license

- hyperopic vision without contact lenses

- history of congenital or acquired cognitive, ophthalmologic, or neurological disorders
including developmental delay, brain tumor, stroke, or known peripheral or central
vestibular disorders

- participants who have been diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD) will be excluded

- Participants will also be excluded if they have: (a) a history of skin irritation or
sensitivity to scented products or cosmetics, (b) known skin allergies, sensitive skin
or allergies to fragrance, (c) suffers from a cold, allergy, sinus condition or any
other condition that might interfere with their sense of smell and (d) is pregnant or
nursing.

- Participants will also be excluded if they smoke or use tobacco related products

- participants will be excluded if they commonly experience motion sickness