Cheese Consumption and Human Microvascular Function
| Status: | Recruiting |
|---|---|
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 55 - 75 |
| Updated: | 1/31/2019 |
| Start Date: | March 2016 |
| End Date: | June 30, 2019 |
| Contact: | Susan K Slimak, RN |
| Email: | sks31@psu.edu |
| Phone: | 814-863-8556 |
Increased dairy intake is associated with improved measures of blood vessel health. Dairy
cheese, however, is often high in sodium. Dietary sodium can impair blood vessel function.
The researchers examine if and how natural cheese may protect against impairments in blood
vessel function caused by sodium. For this study, participants complete four 8-day controlled
feeding periods in which they eat cheese (6 oz/day) or no cheese during a low-sodium or
high-sodium base-diet. The participants complete baseline experiments while on their normal
personal diet and then repeat experiments at the end of each controlled feeding period. In
some of our experiments, the researchers use a technique called "microdialysis" (MD). With
MD, the researchers perfuse some research drugs into the skin on the forearm through tiny
tubing that mimics capillaries. These MD drugs mimic or block substances the body naturally
makes to control the small blood vessels in the skin. The drugs remain in nickel-sized areas
around the tubing and do not go into the rest of the body. The researchers also use a
standard technique called "flow mediated dilation" (FMD) that uses blood pressure cuffs and
ultrasound to look at the health of larger blood vessels in the body. FMD includes placing a
small tablet of nitroglycerin under the tongue during part of the test.
cheese, however, is often high in sodium. Dietary sodium can impair blood vessel function.
The researchers examine if and how natural cheese may protect against impairments in blood
vessel function caused by sodium. For this study, participants complete four 8-day controlled
feeding periods in which they eat cheese (6 oz/day) or no cheese during a low-sodium or
high-sodium base-diet. The participants complete baseline experiments while on their normal
personal diet and then repeat experiments at the end of each controlled feeding period. In
some of our experiments, the researchers use a technique called "microdialysis" (MD). With
MD, the researchers perfuse some research drugs into the skin on the forearm through tiny
tubing that mimics capillaries. These MD drugs mimic or block substances the body naturally
makes to control the small blood vessels in the skin. The drugs remain in nickel-sized areas
around the tubing and do not go into the rest of the body. The researchers also use a
standard technique called "flow mediated dilation" (FMD) that uses blood pressure cuffs and
ultrasound to look at the health of larger blood vessels in the body. FMD includes placing a
small tablet of nitroglycerin under the tongue during part of the test.
Subject screening will be performed by the Penn State Clinical Translational Research Center
(CTRC) medical staff and will include a physical exam by a clinician, anthropometry, and a
chemical and lipid profile, liver and renal function. Participants meet with a registered
dietitian to determine their caloric energy requirements and identify food preferences. The
interview includes surveying the subject's physical activity over the previous 7 days.
Subjects will undergo baseline microdialysis experiments to examine the function of the blood
vessels in the skin microcirculation. Subjects will also go through a baseline assessment of
conduit vessel endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function with brachial artery
flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), and sublingual nitroglycerin. Following baseline
experiments, subjects participate in 4 controlled feeding periods, each 8 days in duration.
The controlled feeding periods are assigned in a randomized order. At the end of each 8-day
controlled dietary period, subjects will repeat microdialysis experiments, brachial artery
FMD, and responsiveness to sublingual nitroglycerin.
(CTRC) medical staff and will include a physical exam by a clinician, anthropometry, and a
chemical and lipid profile, liver and renal function. Participants meet with a registered
dietitian to determine their caloric energy requirements and identify food preferences. The
interview includes surveying the subject's physical activity over the previous 7 days.
Subjects will undergo baseline microdialysis experiments to examine the function of the blood
vessels in the skin microcirculation. Subjects will also go through a baseline assessment of
conduit vessel endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function with brachial artery
flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), and sublingual nitroglycerin. Following baseline
experiments, subjects participate in 4 controlled feeding periods, each 8 days in duration.
The controlled feeding periods are assigned in a randomized order. At the end of each 8-day
controlled dietary period, subjects will repeat microdialysis experiments, brachial artery
FMD, and responsiveness to sublingual nitroglycerin.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Seated systolic pressure 120-140 mmHg
- Seated diastolic pressure 70-90 mmHg.
- Normoglycemic (HbA1C <5.7%)
Exclusion Criteria:
- Taking pharmacotherapy that alters peripheral vascular control
- Pregnancy
- Breastfeeding
- Females taking contraceptives (pills, patches, shots, etc.) or hormone replacement
therapy
- Taking illicit and/or recreational drugs
- Use of nicotine containing-products (e.g. smoking, chewing tobacco, etc.)
- Known allergy to latex or investigative substances
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