Nicotine and Cotinine Levels in Smokers With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder - 2
| Status: | Completed |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Schizophrenia, Smoking Cessation, Psychiatric, Tobacco Consumers |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Psychiatry / Psychology, Pulmonary / Respiratory Diseases |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 18 - 70 |
| Updated: | 1/13/2017 |
| Start Date: | October 2003 |
| End Date: | July 2004 |
Nicotine and Cotinine Levels in Smokers With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
Nicotine dependence is very common among individuals with schizophrenia and schizoaffective
disorder. Cotinine is a chemical that is made by the body from nicotine. Measuring levels of
nicotine and cotinine is an accurate way to determine how much cigarette smoke enters a
person's body. The purpose of this study is to measure nicotine and cotinine levels in
smokers with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder to determine if such individuals
absorb more nicotine per cigarette than smokers without schizophrenia-related disorders.
disorder. Cotinine is a chemical that is made by the body from nicotine. Measuring levels of
nicotine and cotinine is an accurate way to determine how much cigarette smoke enters a
person's body. The purpose of this study is to measure nicotine and cotinine levels in
smokers with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder to determine if such individuals
absorb more nicotine per cigarette than smokers without schizophrenia-related disorders.
Schizophrenic individuals have higher urinary cotinine levels compared to non-schizophrenic
individuals with a similar smoking history. This suggests that schizophrenic individuals may
absorb higher doses of nicotine. The purpose of this study is to determine whether smokers
with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder have higher serum nicotine and cotinine
levels in comparison to smokers without schizophrenic-related disorders.
This observational, case-control study will enroll 150 participants, of which 100 will be
smokers with schizophrenic-related disorders and 50 will be smokers without a mental
illness. Upon completing baseline assessments, participants will smoke a single cigarette.
Approximately two minutes following, 3 to 4 ounces of blood will be analyzed for nicotine
and cotinine levels. An expired carbon monoxide reading will also be measured. This
measurement correlates with the amount of smoke inhalation. Individual participant studies
will be completed in 1 to 2 hour-long sessions.
individuals with a similar smoking history. This suggests that schizophrenic individuals may
absorb higher doses of nicotine. The purpose of this study is to determine whether smokers
with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder have higher serum nicotine and cotinine
levels in comparison to smokers without schizophrenic-related disorders.
This observational, case-control study will enroll 150 participants, of which 100 will be
smokers with schizophrenic-related disorders and 50 will be smokers without a mental
illness. Upon completing baseline assessments, participants will smoke a single cigarette.
Approximately two minutes following, 3 to 4 ounces of blood will be analyzed for nicotine
and cotinine levels. An expired carbon monoxide reading will also be measured. This
measurement correlates with the amount of smoke inhalation. Individual participant studies
will be completed in 1 to 2 hour-long sessions.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Meets DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for nicotine dependence and possibly schizophrenia
or schizoaffective disorder
- Stable on current antipsychotic regimen(s) for participants with schizophrenia or
schizoaffective disorder
Exclusion Criteria:
- At serious risk of suicide, including recent suicidal behavior or attempt within the
thirty days prior to study entry
- Current use of clonidine, bupropion, or any other nicotine products (including
nicotine patch, gum, inhaler, lozenge or nasal spray)
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