Perioperative Risk Study

Major cancer surgery is associated with significant rates of postoperative mortality and
major morbidity. Postoperative morbidity adversely impacts healthcare utilization, healthcare
costs, rates of discharge to home, quality of life, rates of receipt of postoperative
anti-neoplastic therapy, disease-free survival, and overall survival. The investigators
hypothesize that perioperative risk stratification and risk-based, protocol-driven management
(compared to standard perioperative management) will lead to a reduction in 30-day
post-operative mortality or major morbidity in patients undergoing major cancer surgery. This
is based on our theory that preoperative/postoperative use of newly developed, perioperative
risk-prediction tools will help identify patients at increased risk of postoperative death or
serious complications that might benefit from risk-based, protocol-driven perioperative
management, including escalating levels of care, escalating levels of monitoring, and
escalating levels of hospitalist co-management. The set of assessments and interventions in
the proposed study are conceptually similar to other "bundled" interventions which have
recently been recently tested and demonstrated to reduce perioperative mortality and
morbidity.

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

1. Age > or = 18 years at diagnosis.

2. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1, 2, or 3.

3. Probable (i.e., clinically suspicious) or histologically/cytologically confirmed,
primary or recurrent, malignant neoplasm, malignant neuroendocrine tumor, or carcinoma
in situ (any stage).

4. Scheduled for curative or palliative major cancer surgery, including:

- Glossectomy

- Pharyngectomy

- Laryngectomy

- Neck dissection

- Esophagectomy

- Lung resection

- Gastrectomy

- Pancreatectomy

- Hepatectomy

- Colectomy

- Proctectomy

- Hysterectomy/Myomectomy

- Gynecologic reconstruction

- Prostatectomy

- Nephrectomy

- Cystectomy

- Breast reconstruction

- Flap reconstruction

5. Scheduled for elective major cancer surgery at Fox Chase Cancer Center within 30 days
after First Registration.

6. Ability to understand and willingness to sign a written informed consent and Health
Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) consent document

7. Geographical accessibility and willingness to return to Fox Chase Cancer Center for
all preoperative and postoperative study assessments.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

1. Clinical or tissue diagnosis of benign neuroendocrine tumor, benign neoplasm, neoplasm
of uncertain behavior, or neoplasm of unspecified nature.

2. Use of systemic chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy < 14 days prior to First
Registration. Palliative radiation therapy is permitted for irradiating small areas of
painful bony metastases that cannot be managed adequately using systemic or local
analgesics

3. Any condition that might interfere with the subject's participation in the study,
compliance with study requirements, or in the evaluation of the study results.