Determining Relationships Among Maternity Stress & Sleep
| Status: | Recruiting |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Depression, Depression, Women's Studies |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Psychiatry / Psychology, Reproductive |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 18 - 45 |
| Updated: | 7/11/2015 |
| Start Date: | May 2014 |
| End Date: | April 2017 |
| Contact: | Shannon K Crowley, PhD |
| Email: | shannon_crowley@med.unc.edu |
| Phone: | 919-966-5350 |
Sleep Dysregulation and Neuroendocrine Stress Reactivity: Towards a Biopsychosocial Model of Vulnerability to Postpartum Depression
Psychosocial factors, including a previous history of depression, recent stressful life
events, sleep disturbances during pregnancy, and depression and/or anxiety during pregnancy
have been shown to be associated with an increased risk for the development of postpartum
depression (PPD). Biological mechanisms underlying the relationships among these
psychosocial risk factors for PPD, and the development of PPD, remain unclear. However,
evidence from non-perinatal populations suggest that dysregulation in stress-reactive
neuroendocrine factors may play a role. The primary objectives of this study are: (1) to
assess the feasibility of enrolling second trimester pregnant women, with or without
depression histories, into a laboratory-based study protocol which includes a mild
psychosocial stressor and the collection of venous blood for the measurement of
stress-reactive adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol; (2) to assess the
feasibility of retaining participants, for a brief postpartum phone interview, after
completion of the second trimester assessments; and (3) to establish proof of concept for
measuring group differences, between women with or without depression histories, in second
trimester prenatal measures of neuroendocrine stress reactivity, depressive and anxious
symptoms, recent stressful life events, and sleep quality.
events, sleep disturbances during pregnancy, and depression and/or anxiety during pregnancy
have been shown to be associated with an increased risk for the development of postpartum
depression (PPD). Biological mechanisms underlying the relationships among these
psychosocial risk factors for PPD, and the development of PPD, remain unclear. However,
evidence from non-perinatal populations suggest that dysregulation in stress-reactive
neuroendocrine factors may play a role. The primary objectives of this study are: (1) to
assess the feasibility of enrolling second trimester pregnant women, with or without
depression histories, into a laboratory-based study protocol which includes a mild
psychosocial stressor and the collection of venous blood for the measurement of
stress-reactive adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol; (2) to assess the
feasibility of retaining participants, for a brief postpartum phone interview, after
completion of the second trimester assessments; and (3) to establish proof of concept for
measuring group differences, between women with or without depression histories, in second
trimester prenatal measures of neuroendocrine stress reactivity, depressive and anxious
symptoms, recent stressful life events, and sleep quality.
Inclusion Criteria:
- nulliparous women in their 2nd trimester of a singleton pregnancy
- women between 18-45 years of age
- women with a past history of depression
- women with no past history of depression
Exclusion Criteria:
- under 18 years of age
- over 45 years of age
- pregnancy gestation > 22 weeks at study enrollment
- multiparity
- non-singleton pregnancy
- prior termination of pregnancy at >12 weeks gestation
- prior loss of pregnancy >2 times at <12 weeks gestation
- prior history of stillbirth
- current substance use (alcohol and/or elicit drugs)
- current chronic steroid use
- current use of antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications, mood-stabilizers,
psychotropic medications, progesterone treatment, or sleep medications
- current tobacco use
- diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea,
- diagnosed restless legs syndrome (RLS)
- certain cancers
- pre-gestational diabetes
- a body mass index (BMI) of > 40kg/m2 just prior to pregnancy
- chronic hypertension (documented or taking medication for hypertension)
- gestational hypertension
- preeclampsia
- current anemia
- current or past history of psychosis, schizoaffective disorder,or bipolar disorder
- current depression
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