Enhancing Spatial Navigation Using Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation



Status:Completed
Conditions:Alzheimer Disease, Cognitive Studies
Therapuetic Areas:Neurology, Psychiatry / Psychology
Healthy:No
Age Range:50 - 88
Updated:9/2/2018
Start Date:October 1, 2013
End Date:March 24, 2017

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Remembering how to travel from one location to another is critical in everyday life, yet this
vital ability declines with normal aging and can be further affected by conditions that
disproportionately affect the elderly, such as vision loss or progressive dementia. Human and
animal research has shown that two distinct memory systems interact during navigation. The
first, referred to as allocentric navigation, is very flexible and uses spatial knowledge of
key features or landmarks to develop and use a mental map of the environment. This approach
involves brain regions that are critical for new learning and memory but that decline with
age. The second, referred to as egocentric navigation, is inflexible and relies on "habit"
memories that link specific features with specific directions. This approach relies on brain
regions that are critical for "automatic" responses and that are relatively unaffected by
age.

The main problem is that allocentric navigation declines with age and is accompanied
increased dependence on egocentric navigation. This change increases the risk of becoming
disoriented or "lost" when traveling in unfamiliar areas or even when traveling new routes in
familiar areas. Therefore, the main goal of this project is to examine whether non-invasive
brain stimulation, specifically transcranial direct current stimulation, can improve
allocentric navigation in healthy older adults and patients with mild cognitive impairment.

Participants will complete two functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions while learning
new environments. Before one of these sessions, participants will receive active brain
stimulation over the parietal cortex. Before the other session, participants will receive
sham brain stimulation over the parietal cortex. The effects of this stimulation will be
evaluated using both an allocentric and an egocentric memory test. Physiologic effects will
be evaluated using both task-based and resting-state MRI.


Inclusion Criteria:

General inclusion criteria (all participants):

- All medications stable for approximately 1-2 months;

- No history of severe mental illness;

- No current untreated alcohol or substance abuse/dependence;

- English as native and preferred language;

- MRI-compatible if taking part in fMRI studies

- Able to give informed consent.

MCI Inclusion Criteria:

- Diagnosis of amnestic MCI based on criteria set forth by Petersen (2004).
Additionally, other potential causes of cognitive deficit ruled out by the referring
physician;

Healthy older adults

- intact cognitive functioning as measured by neuropsychological testing

Exclusion Criteria:

- History of neurological disease or injury

- History of severe mental illness

- Current untreated alcohol or substance abuse

- Other conditions may exclude; please discuss with contact
We found this trial at
2
sites
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48113
Principal Investigator: Benjamin M Hampstead, PhD
Phone: 404-321-6111
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