Non-invasive Neurostimulation in Parkinson's Disease

Inclusion Criteria:

- Documentation of PD diagnosis from their clinician by either a letter or verification
through their medical record

- Research criteria of "possible" or "probable" PD, as defined by Gelb et al (Gelb D,
Oliver E, Gilman S. Diagnostic Criteria for Parkinson Disease. Arch
Neurol.1999;56:33-39)[1]

- Age 40 or over;

- Taking stable medications for at least 30 days

Exclusion Criteria:

- Features suggestive of other causes of parkinsonism/Parkinson's-plus syndromes;

- History of deep brain stimulation or ablation surgery, mass brain lesions;

- History of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, other psychosis, episode of
bipolar illness, alcohol/drug abuse within the past year;

- Need for rapid clinical response due to conditions such as initiation, psychosis, or
suicidal;

- Contraindications to transcranial brain stimulation or TUS, i.e. metal in the head,
implanted brain medical devices, etc;

- Unstable medical conditions (e.g. uncontrolled diabetes, uncompensated cardiac issues,
heart failure, pulmonary issues, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease);

- Pregnancy.

- Epilepsy or disorders that increase likelihood of seizures including: moderate or
severe traumatic brain injury, congenital birth defects leading to seizures, brain
tumor, metabolism disorders associated with seizures, and nonlacunar stroke.