Factors Involved in Obesity-related Inflammation and Insulin Resistance

In this project, we propose to recruit lean and obese subjects with different ethnic
background (African Americans and Caucasians) to study the alterations of lipid and
carbohydrate metabolism and determine whether these disturbances are linked to genetic,
inflammatory, oxidative stress, and/or nutritional factors. Because systemic inflammation
and insulin resistance are frequent features of obesity, we postulate that an unbalanced
diet with high saturated- and low omega 3-fatty acids is linked to obesity-related
inflammation and insulin resistance. We propose to investigate fatty acid metabolism and
determine the links between fatty acid composition and oxidative stress in tissues of lean
and obese subjects. We propose the following aims:

Specific Aim 1: Evaluate nutrient intake in lean and obese subjects using the standard
NHANES Food Questionnaire.

Specific Aim 2: Evaluate the fatty acid composition, including omega-3, in adipose tissue
depots, blood monocytes and skeletal muscle, and examine the relationship between omega-3
content and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers.

Specific Aim 3: Compare the effects of omega-3 and saturated FA supplementation on
inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in vitro in adipose tissue explants, preadipocytes
and monocyte culture.