Codeine in Sickle Cell Disease

People with sickle cell disease require oral pain medications to manage an acute pain
crisis. Sometimes these individuals fail to obtain adequate pain relief with the
medications prescribed for outpatient use resulting in emergency room visits and hospital
admissions. Subsequently, many patients are admitted to the hospital for pain management for
a few days until the pain crisis resolves. The most common medications prescribed to
sickle cell individuals for outpatient use include codeine and hydrocodone containing
medications (i.e. Tylenol #3â„¢, Vicodinâ„¢, Lortabâ„¢). These medications must be broken down in
the body to make the active pain reliever (morphine or hydromorphone, respectively). Some
individuals may not be able to break down these medications to the active pain reliever;
therefore, these individuals will likely continue to experience pain unless they take other
pain medications. We will determine whether genotype estimates the ability of CYP2D6 to
break down codeine to the active pain reliever in individuals with sickle cell disease.